TECHNIQUES

CAPI

CAPI stands for computer assisted personal interviewing. It is performed with the respondent face-to-face with the interviewer, using lap-top computers or other such devices (e.g. IPAQ's). The interviewer uses the computer to prompt the questions and the interviewee's responses are immediately inputted back into the computer which enables the program to select the next appropriate question. This enables the interview to pursue many different, yet relevant, routes depending upon the responses given by the interviewee. This form of surveying is particularly effective because due to the fact that the data is already on the computer, the analysis becomes quicker than other methods.

Carl Gustav Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (July 26, 1875, Kesswil - June 6, 1961, Küsnacht) was a Swiss psychiatrist, influential thinker, and founder of analytical psychology.

Jung's unique and broadly influential approach to psychology has emphasized understanding the psyche through exploring the worlds of dreams, art, mythology, world religion and philosophy. Although he was a theoretical psychologist and practicing clinician for most of his life, much of his life's work was spent exploring other realms including Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, sociology, as well as literature and the arts. His most notable contributions include his concept of the psychological archetype, the collective unconscious, and his theory of synchronicity.

CATI

CATI stands for computer assisted telephone interviewing. It is similar to CAPI but conducted over the phone, rather than face to face.

Centrality Closeness

Measure in Social Network Analysis which represents the degree an individual is near all other individuals in a network (directly or indirectly). It reflects the ability to access information through the "grapevine" of network members. Thus, closeness is the inverse of the sum of the shortest distances between each individual and every other person in the network.

Centrality Degree

Measure in Social Network Analysis which represents the count of the number of ties to other actors in the network.

Centralization

Measure in Social Network Analysis which represents The difference between the n of links for each node divided by maximum possible sum of differences. A centralized network will have much of its links dispersed around one or a few nodes, while a decentralized network is one in which there is little variation between the n of links each node possesses

Classic Test Theory

Classical test theory is a body of related psychometric theory that predict outcomes of psychological testing such as the difficulty of items or the ability of test-takers. Generally speaking, the aim of classical test theory is to understand and improve the reliability of psychological tests.

Classical test theory may be regarded as roughly synonymous with true score theory. The term "classical" refers not only to the chronology of these models but also contrasts with the more recent psychometric theories, generally referred to collectively as item response theory, which sometimes bear the appellation "modern" as in "modern latent trait theory".

Classical test theory is based on the decomposition of observed scores into true and error scores.

Clique

Term coming from Social Theoy where a clique is defined as an informal and restricted social group formed by people who share common interests. They are often subsets of larger social groups and are most commonly associated with teenagers.

Cluster Analysis

Clustering is the classification of objects into different groups, or more precisely, the partitioning of a data set into subsets (clusters), so that the data in each subset (ideally) share some common trait - often proximity according to some defined distance measure. Data clustering is a common technique for statistical data analysis, which is used in many fields, including machine learning, data mining, pattern recognition, image analysis and bioinformatics.

 

Clustering Coefficient

Measure in Social Network Analysis which represents the likelihood that two associates of a node are associates themselves. A higher clustering coefficient indicates a greater 'cliquishness'.

Cohesion

Measure in Social Network Analysis which represents the degree to which actors are connected directly to each other by cohesive bonds. Groups are identified as 'cliques' if every actor is directly tied to every other actor, ‘social circles' if there is less stringency of direct contact, which is imprecise, or as structuraly cohesive blocks if precision is wanted.